by Gayl Mileszko

Almost twenty years after the 9/11 terrorist attacks that we promised to “Never Forget” we now have a prolonged pandemic that is still creating indelible memories. Many of us can still name each family member, friend, and colleague affected two decades ago. But today we can recount even more precious people and businesses lost or devastated due to COVID-19. In the financial world, we are keenly aware of the specific sectors of the stock and bond markets that were unexpectedly pummeled in March of 2020; some are thriving, others bankrupt, quite a few rescued with our tax dollars, many still crawling back. In the immediate aftermath of the World Health Organization and presidential declarations, bonds that financed food service companies, cruise lines, airports, hotels, convention centers, sports arenas, hospitals, toll roads, malls, oil and gas and mining companies, all sank in price as lockdowns directly halted revenue streams supporting debt service while causing operating expenses to surge.

Bond News this Week

We still do not know the lifecycle of this virus or its variants but, 15-plus months later, Moody’s and CNN report that the nation’s “Back-to-Normal Index” is at 94%. Summer vacation exuberance may be skewing our perspective, but we will have a much better grip on where things are for work, home and school once September arrives. For now, bond traders report that spreads, the difference in yields when compared to the highest rated credits, have more than completely recovered in most A and BBB range debt while higher yielding securities are also about 94% back to pre-COVID levels. Some sectors like education, hospitals, transportation, turnpikes and toll roads, and single- and multi-family housing still have a little way to go. But the strength of the recovery, and our new perceptions of essentiality, have generally boosted the value of water and sewer, power, utility, airports, and healthcare bonds.

Municipal Sector News

In the municipal sector, most analysts agree that senior living has been hardest hit. Life plan communities, retirement communities, independent living, assisted living, memory care and skilled nursing serve the demographic that has suffered most and facility operators have been at the forefront in the unforgettable fight against the pandemic. Since the onset, top-notch managers have employed every available expert, dedicated staffer, piece of equipment, technology, strategy, tactic, agency, grant, loan, and line-of-credit to keep residents safe. Most caregivers have literally worked around the clock to protect residents who by virtue of age and condition have been most vulnerable to community spread. As a result, fifty one percent of seniors housing properties studied by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago experienced no COVID-19 deaths in 2020. About two-thirds of independent living (67 percent); assisted living (64 percent); and memory care (61 percent) properties had no COVID-19-related deaths, and 39 percent of skilled nursing facilities experienced no related fatalities. Nevertheless, the AARP has reported that more than 184,000 residents and staff of nursing homes and other long-term care facilities have perished as a result of COVID. The share of COVID-19 deaths attributed to long term care facilities reportedly peaked in June 2020, when almost 49% of deaths occurred there. But vaccinations first made available in December 2020 have caused dramatic declines in all the counts. The CDC reports that the rate of deaths per 1,000 residents in nursing homes has dropped from the high of 5.9 in December 2020 to 0.29 as of June 2021, and staff cases have declined from 26.38 to 0.41.

Occupancy Rates in Senior Housing

The latest surveys by the National Investment Center for Seniors Housing and Care (NIC) from June 13 show that, although seniors housing and care occupancy rates remain at historic lows, trends in the percentages of organizations reporting higher occupancy rates continue to improve; assisted living, memory care and skilled nursing are showing new pandemic era highs. Since March, there has been a rising pace of move-ins. The greatest challenge for 94% of these facilities is said to be staff shortages, a problem that affects employers across most industries; they recently posted a record 9.3 million job openings. But the need is particularly acute for certified nurse aides where open positions exceed 200,000.

HJ Sims: History of Supporting Senior Living

HJ Sims underwrote the first municipal bond to finance a long-term care community in 1965 after closely analyzing demographic data and demand projections, and we remain among the biggest supporters of senior living. We have since introduced several innovative structures including entrance fee principal redemption bonds, and have underwritten or advised on more than $27 billion of financings in this space. Including the deals we brought to market, there were only about 63 senior living deals with a combined par value exceeding $3.25 billion in the muni market in 2020. So far this year, we have seen 35 deals totaling $1.73 billion. But the number of new and refunding issues is growing by leaps and bounds as investors recognize the demand for and value inherent in the sector.

Municipal Bond Market News

This week, we are in the market with a $79 million non-rated financing for Benedictine Health System, the tenth largest not for profit senior living provider in the country which owns and operates 21 communities in Minnesota add North Dakota. This transaction is part of a $7 billion new issue calendar that includes seven senior living deals, an array of weekly offerings in this sector that has not been seen for many years. We expect that the $390 million of new money and refunding issues will be several times oversubscribed by institutional and individual investors, a clear sign that tax-exempt buyers highly value this essential public service sector. Featured borrowers cross the credit spectrum and include non-rated Friendship Village in Kalamazoo, Michigan; nonrated Colorado-based Christian Living Communities; BB+ rated Meadowlark Hills in Manhattan Kansas; BBB rated BHI Senior Living of Indiana; non-rated Ascentria Care Alliance in New England; and BBB rated Westminster in Austin which, at this writing just sold with a final maturity in 2055 priced at 4.00% to yield 2.31%.

This Week in the News/Markets

At this writing, the AAA general obligation benchmarks post yields of 0.16% for the 2-year maturity. 1.01% for the 10-year and 1.52% for the 30-year. This compares with Treasury yield curve reflecting yields ranging from 0.25% for the 2-year, 1.47% for the 10-year and 2.08% for the long bond. The 10-year Baa rated corporate bond yield stands at 3.05%. On the month, the Dow at 34,292 is down 237 points while the S&P is up 2% to 4,291and the Nasdaq is up nearly 6% to 14,528. Oil prices are up nearly 11% in June while gold and silver prices have fallen more than 7%.

It’s Time to Review Your Goals

HJ Sims representatives stand ready to assist both borrowers and investors in the senior living space. We are active in the primary as well as secondary markets and our senior bankers and financial professionals welcome your call. We are in a market that continues to be defined by heavy demand, low rates, and high relative credit quality. It continues to favor the issuer, but we are also here relentlessly working for our clients, helping you to define and execute on your income investment strategies. This week, we move into the second half of the year, so it is time to review your goals and needs. Give us a call after the holiday weekend. We note that markets close early on Friday and remain closed on Monday in observance of our nation’s 245th Independence Day. The entire HJ Sims family wishes you a safe, happy, and unforgettable Fourth.

Please contact your HJ Sims representative for information about today’s higher yielding taxable and tax-exempt offerings.

by Gayl Mileszko

The pandemic has led us all to spend more time on line, whether at work or at home, and we find ourselves using many shortcuts in our communications to save on keystrokes, avoid mis-spellings, or to prove that we are somehow in-the-know. The cause of the pandemic itself, the SARS-CoV-2 infection, has certainly seen the highest number of new abbreviations. But in social and business conversations, new emojis have been created to take the place of words and we came up with several catchy acronyms for new behaviors and sentiments. In the financial world, these included Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), Holding On For Dear Life (HODL) and Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt (FUD). There are other initialisms for investment strategies that grew in either popularity or disfavor: Financial Independence/Retire Early (FIRE), Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG), and There is No Alternative to Equities (TINA). The spectacular wizards in our information technology departments became our SPOCs – single points of contact – for the tools many of us have needed to conduct our business and remain productive from home, whether preparing specifications, proposals, recommendations, commentary, or curricula. But when we inevitably became overwhelmed by all the texts, emails, private Bloomberg IB messaging, and cloud meeting requests, we could not help but yank off our new blue light reading glasses, reach for a quarantini, and type some quick pointed replies: UNSUB! (Unsubscribe!), YAM? (Yet Another Meeting?) and N/A (Not Available).

In the bond world, high yield (HY) securities are among the most sought after. Demand is unrelenting for higher yielding corporate bonds where year-to-date volume already exceeds $271 billion. Last week, B2/B rated Royal Caribbean sold five-year bonds at par to yield 4.25% and high yield indices closed at record lows of 3.84%. Weekly inflows into high yield municipal bond funds have hit records and the limited number of new issues with tax-exempt yields over 3% are oversubscribed multiple times. Spectacular price tags accompany offerings in the primary and secondary markets. Boston College bonds with 5% coupons due in 2055 have been trading over $165. On the equity side, the pandemic and the Fed-contrived low rates have spurred a record number of initial public offerings (IPOs). Among them, Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs) have become the sensational BTR (Buy the Rumor) asset.

For those as unfamiliar with SPACs as they are with cryptocurrencies – other financial instruments that have taken off during the pandemic – SPACs are shell companies with no hard assets or sales that are created for the express purpose of accumulating a war chest of cash to effect a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, or reorganization with one or more yet-to-be-named private business. Less paperwork is involved, so they tend to provide startups with a fast and often easier path to going public.

Investors in a SPAC are speculating as they have no product, operations or revenue to point to. They initially rely upon the vision, track record, reputation, and networks of the management team or sponsors and the prospects of the industries or businesses it targets. More than a year may pass before the target is even identified. After a SPAC is created and funded, the blank-check firm generally has 18-36 months to identify and merge with an operating company and take it public. If the SPAC fails to complete a merger, the money from the capital raise which has been placed in trust with a third party gets returned to initial investors on a pro rata basis; after any allowable expense allocations and inflation adjustments, returns may be negative. In addition, the entity that created the blank-check firm loses the risk capital it put into the launch deal; this can be in the range of $10 million after all the legal, underwriting, regulatory, insurance and operating expenses. So sponsors are under pressure to quickly identify and arrange a merger. Investors who buy shares before a merger occurs have the option to tender them at a gain if they bought at a discount (or at a loss if purchased at an elevated price), or to become shareholders in the newly combined company

The first SPACs arrived in the 1980’s but their popularity exploded last year as those with cash looked beyond lower yielding and returning investments, willing to take on speculative risk. In 2019, 59 SPACS raised only about $13 billion. But celebrity and other high-profile sponsors including Shaquille O’Neal, Serena Williams, Alex Rodriguez, and even former House Speaker Paul Ryan have recently brought new attention to the class. New companies looking to go public work with investment bankers to explore SPACs as an alternative to an IPO or direct listing. Companies including Virgin Galactic and DraftKings accounted for half of all 494 initial public offerings in 2020, with 248 raising more than $83.3 billion. So far this year, more than 345 companies have raised an average of $313 million each, typically priced at a nominal $10 per unit, for a combined total exceeding $107 billion. The pace of issuance slowed in April when the Securities and Exchange Commission provided guidance that SPACs would need to classify their warrants as liabilities instead of equity instruments. Warrants are derivatives that give an investor the right to buy or sell a security at a certain price before expiration. SPACs are required to file a prospectus and periodic reports with the SEC

Investors interested in learning more about SPACs are to encouraged to don their spectacles and carefully review guidance issued by the SEC and FINRA as well as to speak with an HJ Sims representative. SPACs are generally most suited to ultra wealthy investors with longer investment horizons who are able to tolerate high levels of risk for potentially higher levels of reward. Access to this asset class comes in the form of direct investment in units, common stock, and warrants, or via ETFs. Market prices can wildly fluctuate, and these fluctuations may bear little if any relationship to the ultimate economic success of the SPAC. There is risk that attractive business combinations become scarce as the number of SPACs increase and that the interests of the sponsors may differ from those of investors. See all the risks outlined in any SPAC prospectus before considering an investment.

This week marks the first of summer and the last full week of June and we are online again with our spectacles and magnifying glasses, window shopping during the annual Amazon Prime Days. We are following the voting in New York City’s mayoral primary and, along with 47 million other Americans, we are making our travel plans for July 4. Wall Street is following House committee actions on various antitrust bills and remaining obsessed with the various utterances by members of what many call the Federal “Open Mouth” Committee. Last Wednesday, stocks and bonds weakened as markets reacted to the Fed increasing its inflation projection for the year and bringing forward the time frame for the next rate increases. On Friday, the St. Louis Fed President cited prospects for a hike in rates in late 2022 and three more Fed presidents offered their individual views.

The Fed Chair asked traders to please retire the use of the term “tapering” but it has been in our lexicon since 2013 and the mere talk of talk about paring back the $120 billion a month bond-buying program inevitably leads to a selloff. On Tuesday, Jerome Powell further fueled the speculation in testimony on the Fed’s response to the pandemic before the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis. It could be a full-time job monitoring the Fed chatter, but our attention is also being drawn to the 49 economic data points being released this week including home sales, first quarter GDP, durable goods, consumer sentiment, jobless claims, manufacturing and services indices, inventories. We will not have June Job Openings numbers until August, but we know from recent releases that they soared to a record 9.3 million in April while about 3.5 million Americans are still receiving weekly unemployment benefits and more than 9 million are unemployed.

As of the open on Monday, U.S. Treasuries (as measured by the ICE BoAML index) have posted a year-to-date return of negative 2.65%. Investment grade corporate bonds are down 1.13%, taxable municipal bonds are up 0.81%, investment grade municipal bonds have gained 1.39%, high yield corporate bonds are up 2.99% and high yield municipal bonds are returning 5.05%. As of this writing, the 2-year Treasury yield has risen 11 basis points this month to 0.25%. The 10-year has dropped 11 basis points to 1.48% and the 30-year is down 18 basis points to 2.10%. The 10-year Baa rated corporate bond yield has fallen 17 basis points to 3.03%. So far in June, the Dow is down 2% to 33.876. The S&P 500 is nearly flat at 4,224. The Nasdaq is up 3% to 14,141. Oil prices have increased 11% to $73.66

This week in the municipal bond market, HJ Sims has a $60.3 million refunding and new money issue for Presbyterian Senior Living. The BBB+ rated bonds are structured with serial and term bonds being issued through the Pennsylvania Economic Development Financing Authority with a final maturity in 2046. In the high yield sector, there is a $91.9 million BB+ rated St. John’s Industrial Development Authority refunding for Vicar’s Landing in Ponte Vedra Beach and a $41.2 million BBB- rated Kentwood Economic Development Corporation refunding for Holland Home in Grand Rapids with a forward delivery for next February. Also on the calendar is a $57 million non-rated Public Finance Authority taxable Texas Infrastructure financing for master planned residential communities in the Dallas-Fort Worth area, a nonrated $27.6 million Michigan Finance Authority revenue and refunding bond issue for Aquinas College in Grand Rapids, an $11.6 million non-rated Louisiana Public Facilities Authority deal for Mentorship STEAM Academy in Baton Rouge, and a $30.1 million Ba1 Seminole County Industrial Development Authority issue for Galileo Schools for Gifted Learning in Sanford, Florida. Please contact your HJ Sims representative for information today’s higher yielding taxable and tax-exempt offerings.

by Gayl Mileszko

Southern farmers sitting down to supper learned long ago to quiet their howling hound dogs by tossing them small snacks, many of which were made of deep-fried cornmeal and wheat flour mixed with buttermilk, eggs, and salt. The treats known as hushpuppies have since become a tasty side dish for two-legged gluttons as well. They are typically served with other fried or barbecued foods and have savory fillings that include corn, cheese green onions, jalapeno peppers, and garlic. But no holds are barred at the Southern Hushpuppy Championships held every September in Lufkin, Texas, where fryers have their best batterballs on display and compete for bragging rights in crowds of up to 30,000. 

Central banks have been serving up their own monetary versions of hushpuppies to billions around the world ever since September 2007 and they now have $29.3 trillion of fresh, fried, and refried items on their balance sheets. To limit the economic damage from the Great Recession and then the pandemic, they have employed the standard mix of rate cuts and forward guidance as well as nontraditional recipes including negative interest rates, credit easing, relaxing regulatory requirements, creating international swap lines, backstopping money market funds, expanding repurchase agreement operations, making large scale asset purchases, and lending to banks, securities firms, major corporate employers, small- and mid-sized businesses, nonprofits, and state and local governments. A few of these unprecedented gadgets have been put back in the kitchen drawer, but the White House, Congress, Wall Street and Main Street know they are there and can be utilized again to safeguard against future market collapses or Capitol Hill paralyses. In the meantime, most of the programs are still in use by our Federal Reserve, the system created by Congress in 1913 to help stabilize the economy through price stability and maximum employment. A third unspoken mission appears to be holding down the government’s interest costs. The Wall Street Journal on Tuesday suggested that risks to the Fed’s credibility and independence are growing.

There may be shortages of labor, semiconductor chips, ammunition, chlorine, rental cars and blood supplies, but there is no shortage of economic data. In general, indicators of economic activity and employment have strengthened and sectors hit hardest by the pandemic are improving, but there are enough numbers coming in below expectations to keep markets clinging to the skirts and shirttails of the Fed. At the last meeting of the Federal Open Market Committee in late April, officials noted that the ongoing public health crisis continues to weigh on the economy and risks to the economic outlook remain. The Fed insists that inflation has been running persistently below the two percent goal, using a definition from a recipe book clearly written in a language no one else on Earth speaks. They have been hushing big players and small fry with assurances that the elevated price increases we are seeing are transitory, almost a natural result of all our pent-up demand and the supply chain lags. Not everyone sees it the same way, so some have inflation hedges in play.  Gold and silver are typical “inflation trades” and we note that since March gold prices are up more than $175 an ounce and silver up 14% to $27. Bitcoin prices are up 38% since the start of the year, oil prices are up 51%, and copper has increased by 22%.

As usual, this week’s FOMC meeting has secondary stock and bond markets in simmer mode awaiting new commentary on just how long CPI and PPI increases are expected to traumatize us. Very few traders were expecting any rate or taper action; most just wanted to have more hushpuppies in the form of assurance that no policy changes are coming in the near future, that asset purchases and low rates continue, and that the crazy prices on so many consumer staples will soon pass. The growling is bound to begin when the Fed signals the tapering of mortgage-backed securities purchases – possibly in August or September – and the howling will start with an advance notice of Treasury tapering or any dots plotting higher rates in 2022 or early 2023. How much of a battering might we expect? Well, when Chair Bernanke surprised markets with his testimony in May of 2013 that the Fed may reduce its bond-buying program, the 10-year Treasury yield rose 54% or 106 basis points from 1.96% to 3.02% and the 10-year AAA muni benchmark yield increased 51% or 94 basis points from 1.83% to 2.77% by the end of the year. The lesson on forward guidance was learned the hard way, so no such surprise is expected this time unless it involves something like a stepped-up digital dollar program. But correctional selloffs in stocks and bonds should be expected in advance of or alongside any major steps toward normalization. After all, thousands of traders and millions of investors have never known anything but abnormal, Fed-protected conditions. After 14 years, it is hard to imagine anything remotely resembling a free market.

Aside from the Fed meeting, markets are following the presidential overseas travel involving  G-7, NATO, and Vladimir Putin meetings. The focus is away from Washington, D.C. where not much is happening anyway. Vote counts reveal the unlikelihood of consensus on infrastructure, domestic or global tax reform, or pretty much anything major at this point. This does not bode well for state and local governments and nonprofit borrowers who have been hoping for the restoration of tax-exempt advance refundings and federally subsidized Build America Bonds via an omnibus budget reconciliation measure.  But the municipal bond market is humming along quite nicely. So far this month, the 2-year AAA muni general obligation bond yield has fallen another 2 basis points to 0.08%, the 10-year is down 10 basis points to 0.89% and the 30-year has decreased by 12 basis points to 1.39%. This is right in line with Treasury yields: the 10-year and 30-year yields have fallen 10 basis points to 1.49% and 2.18%, respectively.

Secondary markets may be uncertain in these first few days of the trading week, but primary markets are still on fire. Last week, HJ Sims sold $10.6 million of nonrated taxable water system revenue bonds through the Louisiana Local Government Environmental Facilities and Community Development Authority for People’s of Bastrop, LLC; the sole 2051 maturity priced at 5.625% to yield 5.802%. Among other high yield transactions, the Kentucky Economic Development Authority sold $4.3 million of non-rated bonds for Christian Care Communities structured with 2055 term bonds that priced with 5.125% coupons to yield 5.50%, and the Build New York City Resource Corporation issued $52.1 million of nonrated bonds for New World Preparatory Charter school bonds that had a 2056 maturity priced at 4% to yield 3.30%.

Although the size of this week’s $13 billion municipal calendar is met with welcome relief, the supply of bonds still remains well below levels of demand. The negative net supply was estimated at $29 billion last Friday and it is expected to grow to $40 billion by the end of August. Coupon income, as well as called and maturing bond principal far outpaces the need for tax-exempt investment product from mutual funds and ETF’s taking in record levels of new money as well as from individuals looking to reinvest all their cash to produce income. High yield munis are in greatest demand and have generated 5.04% returns so far this year; taxable munis maturing in 15 or more years are up 1.75% this month alone.

The amount of high yield municipal bonds outstanding is estimated at 13% of total muni debt, a significant increase from February of 2020, when it was below 10%. This week, borrowers look to add even more to the total. The slate includes a $132 million non-rated Yamhill County Hospital Authority refunding for the Friendsview Retirement Community in Newberg, Oregon. American Samoa has a $41 million Ba3 issue. And there are 7 charter school deals in the market including the $118.7 million non-rated Wonderful Foundations deal issued through the Wisconsin Public Finance Authority (PFA) and issuers in California and Florida; a $21.7 million non-rated financing for Santa Clarita Valley International School,  an $8 mil BB+ rated financing for The Rocklin Academy in California, a $16.5 million nonrated PFA issue for Bonnie Cone Classical Academy in Huntersville, North Carolina, a $30 million Ba1 rated transaction for Galileo Schools for Gifted Learning in Sanford, Florida, and an $11 million nonrated deal for Imagine School at North Manatee in Palmetto, Florida.

by Gayl Mileszko

Sunshine and good news abound. Summer-like conditions prevail in many parts of the country as school vacations begin. The FDA has approved a new experimental drug Aduhelm that may help many of the 6 million Americans suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. The FBI’s new crack cyber task force wizards managed to recover more than half of the $4.4 million that Colonial Pipeline paid in ransom to hackers last month. The number of job openings has set a record at 9.3 million as the labor market has started to boom again. Madison Garden is reopening for the first time in 15 months for a full-capacity concert with the Foo Fighters, and Central Park is promoting a mega concert with other big-name performers for late August. The Transportation Security Administration screened 1.98 million air traveling passengers on Sunday, a 15-month high. Weekly hotel occupancy at 61.8% is finally back to where it was in late February 2020. The CDC has just okayed the first two cruise ships to set sail from U.S. ports in late July. Jeff Bezos, his brother, and one lucky guest will board a capsule attached to the reusable rocket Blue Origin on its first 11-minute suborbital tourist flight high above our Earth in July.

We celebrate this new season and rosy outlook, knowing that our globe’s battle against COVID-19 is by no means over. On Sunday, there were 220,684 new cases and 5,230 deaths logged around the world. In the U.S., we had 13,276 new cases and we lost another 225 to this scourge, as the debate rages on as to whether it was man-made via research that was funded with our own tax dollars, or “natural”. Our labor market, in any event, is still 7.6 million below pre-pandemic levels and, on top of precious losses and dark lockdown memories, the impacts will last for years. Struggles in one given sector had ripple effects on many others. There were 544,463 Chapter 7, 11 and 13 bankruptcy cases filed in 2020 according to the American Bankruptcy Institute; through May of 2021, another 182,655 were filed. 

The extraordinary fiscal stimulus, resurgence in demand, and ongoing supply disruptions have produced a pickup in inflation (4.2% in April) and what Barron’s described as “The Shortage of Everything” in its May 28 cover story. Lumber prices have increased 340% in the past year, and Americans looking to buy homes should expect to pay over $35,000 more for a newly built house. Tax talk has taken on a new dimension with the G-7 finance ministers’ agreement on a 15% minimum global corporate tax, but – as with the Administration’s domestic proposals – this is by no means a sure thing given the diversity of interests involved. With respect to employment, women have been disproportionately affected by job loss, burnout, and loss of income as they became – and in many cases still remain — full time caretakers and home schoolers. On the health care front, those with conditions who postponed elective procedures and those who did not seek preventive care are slowly returning to the health care system but with more acute care needs. Some who need 24/7 care have yet to enter skilled nursing facilities; occupancy is 13.2 percentage points below the February 2020 level of 84.8%. Many seniors continue to rely on family and friends for assistance with care and medications; occupancy in assisted living communities fell to a record low of 75.5% in the first quarter of 2021. The National Investment Center for Seniors Housing & Care (NIC), however, reported a small uptick in April.

The National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago last week published a report funded by NIC on COVID-19’s impact on seniors housing. Contrary to what media headlines would lead seniors and/or their adult children decisionmakers to believe about the safety of congregate facilities, they found that 51% of all properties reported no coronavirus related deaths at all: 67% of independent living communities, 64% of assisted living properties, 61% of memory care communities, and 39% of skilled nursing facilities. In independent living settings, resident deaths were statistically comparable to the rates of death for older adults living in non-congregate settings in the same geographic area.

So far this year, there have been approximately 27 senior living bond issues in the municipal bond primary market for a total combined par value of $1.34 billion. These sales have been for start-ups, expansions and refinancings in California, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Wisconsin, and Washington. As one of the nation’s oldest underwriters of tax-exempt senior living bonds, we are upbeat on the future of this sector and look forward to sharing our unique structuring ideas with new and valued banking clients. For our investing clients, we feature an impressive forward calendar of new money and refunding bond deals to discuss with your HJ Sims financial professional.

Since the beginning of March 2020, financial market volatility as measured by the VIX has fallen by 59%. As of this writing, the Dow is up 9,221 points or 36%, the S&P 500 is up 1,272 points or 43%, the Nasdaq has gained 5,314 points or 62% and the Russell 200 has risen by 843 points or 57%. Oil prices are up more than $24 a barrel, or 55%, to $69.23. Gold prices have gained $309 an ounce, or 19%, to $1,895. Silver prices are up 67% or $11 an ounce to $27.90. Bitcoin has skyrocketed by 318% to 35,804. In the bond market, the 2-year Treasury yield has fallen from 0.91% to 0.15%. The 10-year benchmark has, however, risen 42 basis points to 1.56%, and the 30-year long bond is up 57 basis points to 2.24%. The 10-year Baa corporate bond yield is down 6 basis points since the pandemic began.

Municipals remain in somewhat of a world of their own among bonds, performing well above their taxable counterparts given the supply/demand imbalance involving tax-exempt instruments. At this writing, Treasury bonds as measured by the BoAML indices, have a negative YTD return of 3.32%. High grade corporate bonds are down 2.41%, but preferreds are up 1.09%, high yield corporate bonds are up 2.62%, corporate convertible bonds are up 3.09%, and leveraged loans are up 3.10%. Investment grade municipal bonds are up 1.20%, while high yield municipal bonds are returning 4.48%. At the time of publication, the 2-year general obligation bond yield has dropped 64 basis points since the start of the pandemic to 0.09%, the 10- year is up 7 basis points to 0.94% and the 30-year has dropped 8 basis points to 1.44%.

Last week was shortened by the Memorial Day holiday and this week began with a commemoration of the 77^th anniversary of D-Day and the Battle of Normandy when “Foo Fighter” was a term used by Allied pilots to describe mysterious UFOs seen in the skies over the European theater. The corporate bond calendar totaled $27 billion, with $21 billion coming as investment grade, 70% with maturities of seven years or less. High yield new issues came with B2 rated deals in the 5.375% range and CCCs around 7.125%. High yield corporate bonds saw outflows of $385 million while high yield muni funds took in $372 million

This week’s municipal bond calendar will also feature fast moving items that quickly vanish. It will exceed $10 billion and is dominated by $2.65 billion of Kaiser healthcare bonds that may come with taxable, corporate CUSIP and/or municipal series. Among the high yield non-rated deals this week: a $263 million taxable Maryland deal for SSA Baltimore, a $58 million green bond deal for last Stop Recycling in South Carolina, a $51 million issue for New World Prep Charter School in New York, and an $8 million sale for Maranatha Christian Academy in Kansas.

by Gayl Mileszko

Colby College in Waterville, Maine celebrated its 200th commencement on May 23, an event now indelible in the memories of all 513 graduates and the Colby “Mule” families who gathered in person on the Mayflower Hill campus. This past weekend, hundreds of other ceremonies were held on campuses including the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis and other venues across the country for scholars receiving doctoral, master’s, bachelor’s, associate and high school diplomas. Sadly, at the University of Minnesota and Southern New Hampshire University, it was the second year in a row where the celebrations were virtual due to the pandemic. But festivities went hybrid at Arizona State University, where they hosted in-person outdoor events as well as remote ceremonies in which the commencement speaker appeared as a hologram, graduates participated in the form of robot avatars, and the dean officiated from within a digital rendering of the new headquarters for Thunderbird School of Global Management, still under construction. The Academy of Seminole in Oklahoma graduated its inaugural class of charter school seniors, and Kihei Charter School in Hawaii had one student in its 20th graduating class who simultaneously received her high school diploma and an associate’s degree in electronics and computer engineering technology from the University of Hawaii Maui College. At Arkansas Virtual Academy, an on-line charter school serving K-12 students across the state, both virtual as well as in-person graduations were held in Little Rock for its 300 seniors during National Charter School Week.

Charter schools have been celebrated all year long in the municipal bond market, where $1.28 billion of bonds have been sold since January, 56% more than were issued last year by the end of May. Charter schools looking to borrow in the tax-exempt markets to acquire, expand or refinance facilities generally go through state conduits or local authorities, but in Michigan charter schools may issue debt directly. In Texas, Colorado and Utah, charter school financings are often supported with direct or moral obligation pledges. This week, Life School of Dallas is planning a $94.1 million variable rate refunding rated AAA due to the guarantee from the Texas Permanent School Fund. The Denver School of Science and Technology is also in the market with a $17.7 million Aa3 rated new money issue supported by the state’s Debt Service Reserve Fund Program and the Colorado Charter School Moral Obligation pledge. Federal stimulus has bolstered state school funding levels, keeping the vast majority of public schools on stable financial footing for the time being. And, as we know, borrowing rates are at extreme lows, making property purchases, expansions and refundings most attractive for non-profits and for-profits with big plans for start-ups and growth.

Looking back, the first charter school opened in St. Paul in 1992 with 35 students and, two years later, Congress authorized a federal charter school program. The first charter school bond issue came in 1998 for Concord Academy in Petoskey, Michigan, a $1.3 million financing with a final maturity in 2018 priced at par to yield 7.00%. Since then, issuance has increased almost every year according to Bloomberg, in part reflecting the expanding presence of these schools in the educational system. Today, 44 states have a total of 3.3 million students enrolled. As institutions, the nation’s 7,533 charter schools currently outnumber both our country’s hospitals and our colleges. In New Orleans, 98% of students attend charter schools while in other places like Massachusetts and New York expansion is prohibited by law as caps are imposed on the number of charters allowed. Maine has a statewide cap of 10 but in Iowa, the Governor just signed into law a bill expanding the ability to form more. In Florida, the legislature recently passed a law allowing colleges and universities to issue charters. New Hampshire is utilizing new federal grants to assist in creating charters to assist at-risk students. And in West Virginia, issues surrounding the first charter school application are before the state supreme court.

Since March of 2020, it has been a time of learning loss and disengagement for students from kindergarten to graduate school age. The New York Times described it as “the most disrupted American school year since World War II.” But many charter schools have benefitted from new attention and increased support during the pandemic. Seventy eight percent of North Carolina’s 200 charter schools have reported waitlists. For those charters specializing in on-line or cyber learning, students experienced many fewer issues with instruction and equipment. K12, the largest operator of virtual schools, reportedly saw enrollment grow by nearly 50,000 students. According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, charter schools have more freedom over their budgets, staffing, curricula and other operations. It appears that they were able to pivot faster than many other public schools, for example supplying students phones equipped with Wi-Fi or directing funds to parents to pay for mobile hotspots or phones. Other charters provided community-based Wi-Fi access and kept parents and students engaged with academic and personal “wellness checks”.

The terms in many charter contracts with state, university or district authorizers have allowed for night classes, longer classroom hours and longer school years; this flexibility proved critical to many parents looking for better educational options during lockdowns or family relocations. Since a good percentage of charter schools are smaller in size than traditional public schools, they have often proven more nimble in adapting to changing federal and state guidelines and directives. Charter schools were also most notably among the first to re-open to in-classroom learning and this allowed many parents to return to work. For those parents in New York and New Jersey who prefer homeschooling and virtual learning environments, charter schools and private schools may be the only alternatives available to them this coming Fall. For those parents enrolled in one of the 209 Catholic schools that have closed over the past year, charter schools may look very attractive. For ESL and special education students, the student/teacher ratios at charter schools tend to be lower, designed to provide for more personalized attention, the kind that many parents have found invaluable over the past 15 months. Parents have also been keenly attuned to labor issues in discussions over the timing of returns to in-classroom learning. Only a small percentage of charter school teachers are unionized, so strikes such as the one currently threatened at three Urban Prep charter schools in the Chicago area are rare. Charter schools boasting 100% teacher retention this past year deserve every kudo. Nationwide, charter school teachers number 220,000 and student enrollment has doubled since 2011 according to the National Alliance for Public Charter Schools. Most schools are self-managed, but some have nonprofit charter management organizations like KIPP, Uplift and IDEA, and others use for-profit educational management organizations like K12Inc, Imagine, and Charter Schools USA.

There are seventeen public elementary and secondary school financings on this week’s $4.6 billion municipal calendar and four with combined par value of $156.9 million are for charter schools. In addition to the Denver and Dallas deals, the Global Outreach Charter Academy in Jacksonville, Florida plans a $24 million non-rated refunding and the Academic Leadership Charter School in the Bronx has an $18.5 million BBB- rated financing. Last week saw $47.8 million of bond issues for BB rated Seven Generations Charter School in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, and non-rated sales for High Desert Montessori Charter School in Reno, Nevada, Twin Lakes STEM Academy in Brooklyn Center, Minnesota, and Seven Oaks Classical School in Ellettsville, Indiana. These financings illustrate some of the geographic, credit and programmatic diversity available to investors in charter schools. Global Outreach offers foreign language programs beginning in kindergarten. Academic Leadership offers small group instruction and four periods of daily literacy. Life School students wear uniforms. Seven Generations focuses on sustainable living and environmental stewardship. High Desert, which opened in 2002, offers parents before and after school care for students up to 8th grade for a monthly fee. Twin Lakes is a K-6 charter expanding to 7th and 8th grade in the Fall of 2022. Seven Oaks teaches Latin and, like quite a few charters, does not provide transportation or offer a pre-school program.

Charter schools may serve a specific student population, including those who need to work during the day, those who are homeless, those who seek language immersion, those who are deaf. For investors, recent charter school bond deals have come with maturities in ten to forty years, coupons of 4.00% to 5.25% and yields ranging from 2.65% to 5.25%. But prospective buyers need to do their due diligence on area demographics and local politics, governance, security features, enrollment, retention, fundraising, report cards, wait lists and extracurriculars. The largest charter school network in Texas, IDEA Public Schools, recently fired the CEO and COO in the wake of allegations of widespread fraud for personal enrichment. New Hampshire’s only school district-supported public charter school, PACE Career Academy, is closing on June 7 after 10 years due to shortfalls in funding, fundraising, and staffing; it was founded as an alternative high school for struggling students and last had only 62 enrolled. Data show that those with weak governance, small and declining enrollment, and poor academic performance are more likely to fail. In the last academic year for which statistics are available (2017-2018), a total of 231 charter schools closed while 373 opened. For perspective, we note that charter schools currently account for only 1.2% of the distressed and defaulted municipal bonds reported by Bloomberg Intelligence.

Including charter school financings, muni issuance was $34.2 billion in May bringing year-to-date volume to $169.4 billion, up 7 percent over last year. Taxable issuance accounted for $7 billion of the total. To take advantage of market conditions but adhere to current refunding limitations, approximately 4% of 2021 bonds have been issued with forward settlement dates. The Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Index finished the month 0.30% higher, bringing its year-to-date returns to 0.78%, while the S&P Municipal Bond Index was up 0.40% in May and 0.95% since January. For high yield munis, the Bloomberg Barclays Index is up 4.80% this year after gaining 1.15% in May; the S&P Municipal Bond High Yield Index gained 1.17% last month, raising 2021 return totals to 4.27%. High yield munis have outperformed all other muni sectors and even the red-hot corporate high yield sector at 2.25%, however tax-exempts across the board are increasingly pricier than their taxable counterparts. The yield penalty for individual investors buying an A rated municipal bond versus an A rated corporate bond is 22 basis points as last calculated by CreditSights.

Contributing to muni price inflation is the surge of cash being returned to investors from maturing and called bonds as well as coupon income. There were insufficient opportunities to re-invest the $26 billion of redemptions we saw last month. New issuance failed to keep up with demand and secondary market offerings were mostly limited to low coupon bonds with microscopic yields retreating into negative territory with each new inflation report. This month, $59.7 billion of principal and interest will be available for reinvestment by muni bondholders while the new supply is only expected to total $9 billion. This summer all told, issuers will pay out more than $165 billion, including $124 billion of proceeds from maturing and called bonds and $42 billion in interest. Blackrock sees this tidal wave as producing the largest net negative issuance period in history at negative $54 billion. We note that investors frustrated by the lack of supply of individual bonds have turned to municipal bond mutual funds and ETFs. These funds are, in turn, are pushing prices for the limited supply of mostly rock-bottom yielding bonds available in the primary and secondary even higher. Funds have seen $43 billion of inflows so far this year, the strongest demand through May on records maintained by Lipper since 1992.

Central bank policies have the world suspended in a low rate and negative rate environment for several years now. At present, however, there are no 30-year sovereign yields below zero; only Germany, Switzerland and the Netherlands still have 10-year sovereign bonds with negative yields. U.S. Treasury yields have moved within a 20 basis point range these past two months. The 10-year has averaged 1.61% and that is where it stands at this writing, down 13 basis points since the end of March. The 30-year yield has averaged 2.30% and that is just above where it currently stands, down 13 basis points from the close on March 31. The ICE BoAML Treasury Index gained 0.30% in May but year-to-date returns remain negative at -3.52%. The 10-year Baa corporate yield has been moving in a 14 basis point range in either direction and now stands at 3.20%. Investment grade corporate bond indices returned 0.70% last month, but are also negative at -2.68% since January. The 2-year AAA municipal general obligation bond yield at 0.10% has moved within an 8 basis point range, the 10-year yield at 0.90% has dropped 22 basis points and the 30-year at 1.51% has fallen 24 basis points since March 31. During this timeframe, the S&P 500 has gained nearly 6% to close May at 4,204 and the Nasdaq has risen almost 4% to 13,748. Oil prices have closed 7% higher to $66.32, gold is up 11% to $1,906, and silver prices at $28.04 have gained 15%. In overpriced and low yielding markets, we know that speculative activity has been overwhelming investing activity – and in no case has the speculation and volatility been more evident than with cryptocurency. Bitcoin prices at 37,144 have fallen 37% in the last two months but nevertheless remain 30% higher on the year.

Refinitiv Lipper reported $1.46 billion of inflows into municipal bond mutual funds last week; high yield funds took in $813.8 million of that net total. Investment grade corporate bond funds had $911 million of net investment and U.S Treasury bond funds added $980 million while domestic equity funds saw $1.74 billion of outflows and high yield corporate funds had $1.36 billion of net withdrawals. June marks the halfway point in the year, so this is the perfect time to contact your HJ Sims representative to review alternatives to fund investments and discuss any new investment needs, interests and concerns. In particular, we extend congratulations to all recent graduates and invite them to start working with us on a plan for a successful financial future.